;
;   CIVILIZATION CIVILOPEDIA TEXT
;   Copyright (c) 1995 by MicroProse Software
;
;   Altering the contents of this file may cause the
;   game to malfunction.
;

@PEDIAPICKCIV
@width=540
@columns=3
@listbox
@title=Civilopedia: Civilization Advances

@PEDIACIV
@width=480
@title=Civilization Advance
^^%STRING0
^


@PEDIACIVFACTS
^Allows religion of same name.
^Allows settlers to build fortresses.
^Allows settlers to build airbases.
^Allows settlers to build railroads.
^Allows settlers to improve farmland.
^Increases the effect of Breweries.
^Increases the effect of Monasteries.
^Worth bonus points in Civilization score.
^Increases ship movement rates by one.
^Improves Spaceship thrust by 25%.
^Free civ. advance for first civ. to discover.
^Decreases the effect of Cathedrals.
^Cancels the effect of


@PEDIAPICKUNIT
@width=540
@columns=3
@listbox
@title=Civilopedia: Unit Types

@PEDIAUNIT
@width=480
@title=Unit Type
^^%STRING0
^

@PEDIAUNITFACTS
^Can see units two spaces away.
^Ignores enemy Zones of Control.
^Can make amphibious landings.
^Can not bombard land tiles.
^Can attack aircraft in flight.
^May be lost in opean seas.
^Ignores Fortifications.
^Can carry friendly air units.
^Can make paradrops.
^Treats all squares as road squares.
^Defense +50% versus Cavalry units.
^Only Protestant religion can build.
^Destroyed after attacking.
^Defense +100% versus air and missile units.
^Can spot rival naval units.


@PEDIAPICKGOVT
@width=480
@listbox
@title=Civilopedia: Religions


@PEDIAPICKIMPROVE
@width=540
@columns=3
@listbox
@title=Civilopedia: City Improvements

@PEDIAIMPROVE
@width=480
@title=City Improvement
^^%STRING0
^

@;Palace
@PEDIAIMPROVE1
Eliminates corruption and waste in the city,
and decreases it in all nearby cities.

@;Barracks
@PEDIAIMPROVE2
City produces Veteran ground units. Ground units can
be completely repaired in a single turn.

@;Granary
@PEDIAIMPROVE3
Only half of city's food store is depleted when
city increases in size.

@;Temple
@PEDIAIMPROVE4
Up to two discontented citizens are made content.

@;Marketplace
@PEDIAIMPROVE5
Increases tax and luxury output by 50%.

@;Library
@PEDIAIMPROVE6
Increases science output by 50%.

@;Courthouse
@PEDIAIMPROVE7
Decreases corruption by 50%. Makes city more resistant
to bribery by enemy diplomats.

@;City Walls
@PEDIAIMPROVE8
Units in city are tripled on defense versus ground attacks.

@;Aqueduct
@PEDIAIMPROVE9
Allows city to increase beyond size 8.

@;Bank
@PEDIAIMPROVE10
Increases tax and luxury output by an
additional 50% (cumulative w/ Trade Guilds).

@;Cathedral
@PEDIAIMPROVE11
Makes four unhappy citizens content.

@;University
@PEDIAIMPROVE12
Increases science output by an additional
50% (cumulative w/ Quadrivium).

@;Mass Transit
@PEDIAIMPROVE13
Eliminates filth caused by population.

@;Colosseum
@PEDIAIMPROVE14
Three unhappy citizens are made content
(four w/ Profiteering).

@;Factory
@PEDIAIMPROVE15
Increases resource production in city by 50%.

@;Mfg. Plant
@PEDIAIMPROVE16
Increases resource production by an additional 50%
(cumulative w/ Iron Foundry).

@;SDI Defense
@PEDIAIMPROVE17
Protects everything within three spaces of
the city from nuclear attack.

@;Recycling Center
@PEDIAIMPROVE18
Decreases the pollution caused by factories.

@;Power Plant
@PEDIAIMPROVE19
Increases Iron Foundry output by 50%.

@;Hydro Plant
@PEDIAIMPROVE20
Increases Iron Foundry output by 50%.

@;Nuclear Plant
@PEDIAIMPROVE21
Increases factory output by 50%.  Cleaner
than Power Plant (same as Hydro Plant), but
there is a risk of Nuclear Meltdown unless
civilization has discovered Fusion.

@;Stock Exchange
@PEDIAIMPROVE22
Increases tax and luxuries output by an additional
50% (cumulative with Trade Guilds and Goldsmith for a grand
total of 150%).

@;Sewer System
@PEDIAIMPROVE23
Allows city to grow beyond size 12.

@;Supermarket
@PEDIAIMPROVE24
Allows squares in the city's radius with
the "farmland" improvement (irrigated twice)
to produce 50% more food.

@;Superhighways
@PEDIAIMPROVE25
All squares in the city's radius with roads
produce 50% more trade.

@;Research Lab
@PEDIAIMPROVE26
Increases science output by an additional 50%
(cumulative with Quadrivium and Trivium for a
grand total of 150%).

@;SAM Missile Battery
@PEDIAIMPROVE27
Units in city are doubled on defense against
air units and non-nuclear missile units.

@;Coastal Fortress
@PEDIAIMPROVE28
Units in city are doubled on defense against
shore bombardment by enemy ships. Only the 
Ship-of-Line unit can bombard land tiles.

@;Solar Plant
@PEDIAIMPROVE29
Increases Iron Foundry output by 50%.  Cleaner
than all other forms of power.

@;Harbor
@PEDIAIMPROVE30
All ocean squares in the city's radius
produce one extra unit of food.

@;Offshore Platform
@PEDIAIMPROVE31
All ocean squares in the city's radius
produce one shield.

@;Airport
@PEDIAIMPROVE32
City produces veteran air units.
Any air unit spending its entire turn in the city
is completely repaired.

@;Police Station
@PEDIAIMPROVE33
Decreases unhappiness caused by troops away from city by 1.

@;Port Facility
@PEDIAIMPROVE34
City produces veteran naval units.
Any ship spending its entire turn in the city is
completely repaired.

@;SS Structural
@PEDIAIMPROVE35

@;SS Component
@PEDIAIMPROVE36

@;SS Module
@PEDIAIMPROVE37

@;Capitalization
@PEDIAIMPROVE38
Converts production into trade.

@;Pyramids
@PEDIAIMPROVE39
Counts as a Granary in every one of your cities.

@;Hanging Gardens
@PEDIAIMPROVE40
Christopher Columbus (1451  May 20, 1506) was an explorer and trader who crossed the Atlantic Ocean and reached the Americas in 1492 under the flag of Castilian Spain. He believed that the earth was a relatively small sphere, and argued that a ship could reach the Far East via a westward course. (One extra happy citizen in every city.)

@;Colossus
@PEDIAIMPROVE41
Vasco da Gama was a Portuguese explorer who was the first person to sail from Europe to Malabar, India. From the early 15th century, the nautical school of Henry the Navigator had been extending Portuguese knowledge of the coast of Africa. Da Gama was just shy of thirty years old as these long-term plans were coming to fruition. (City produces one extra trade arrow in each square that already produces one.)

@;Lighthouse
@PEDIAIMPROVE42
Sir Francis Drake was the first Englishman to circumnavigate the globe, from 1577 to 1580. In 1579, he landed in northern California and claimed the land as "Nova Albion" for the English Crown. Maps made soon after would have "Nova Albion" written above the entire northern frontier of New Spain. (All ships have their movement rate increased by one. Also, all new ships you produce receive veteran status.)

@;Great Library
@PEDIAIMPROVE43
Civilization receives any civilization advance
already discovered by two other civilizations.

@;Oracle
@PEDIAIMPROVE44
Saint Thomas More was briefly Lord Chancellor of England under King Henry VIII and had a European reputation as a humanist author. His most famous work is Utopia (circa 1516) in which he created an imaginary island-kingdom in which some modern scholars have seen an idealized opposite of More's contemporary Europe and in which other modern scholars have seen a wicked satire of the same Europe. (Doubles the effect of all of your Breweries.)

@;Great Wall
@PEDIAIMPROVE45
Enemy civilizations must offer armistice/peace
in negotiations.  Combat strength doubled against
barbarians.

@;Sun Tzu's War Academy
@PEDIAIMPROVE46
All new ground units produced gain Veteran status.
Any unit which wins a combat gains Veteran status.

@;King Richard's Crusade
@PEDIAIMPROVE47
Every square in the city's radius produces an extra
resource "shield".

@;Marco Polo's Embassy
@PEDIAIMPROVE48
On August 15, 1534, Ignatius and six other students met in Montmartre outside Paris, probably near the modern Chapel of St Denys, Rue Antoinette, and binding themselves by a vow of poverty and chastity, founded the Society
of Jesus - to "enter upon hospital and missionary work in Jerusalem, or to go without questioning
wherever the pope might direct". (You receive a free embassy with every rival Civilization).

@;Michelangelo's Chapel
@PEDIAIMPROVE49
Martin Luther nailed his Ninety-five Thesis to the door of the Wittenberg Palace All Saints
Church. He grew to believe in faith alone as mans link to the justice of God, and therefore
denied the need for the vast infrastructure of the Church. This event signaled the beginning of the
Protestant Reformation in Germany and Protestantism in general.(Counts as a Cathedral in each of your cities.)

@;Copernicus' Observatory
@PEDIAIMPROVE50
Portuguese navigator Ferdinand Magellan set out from Spain with 270 men and 5 ships on a
voyage to find a western passage to the Spice Islands in Indonesia. Magellan was killed en
route, but one of his ships eventually circumnavigated the world. He was first European explorer
to reach the Pacific Ocean from the Atlantic by sailing through the dangerous straits below South
America that now bear his name. (Increases science output of city by 50%.)

@;Magellan's Expedition
@PEDIAIMPROVE51
The Spanish Armada (Old Spanish: La felicissima armada, "most fortunate fleet"; modernly la
Armada Invencible, "the Invincible Fleet") was a fleet which the Habsburg King Philip II of Spain
used as part of an attempt to invade England in 1588. The invasion failed and is often cited as
marking the decline of Spanish power. (Movement rate of all ships is increased by two.)

@:Shakespeare's Theatre
@PEDIAIMPROVE52
The Mona Lisa is an oil painting on poplar wood by the famous Italian Renaissance artist Leonardo da Vinci. The painting shows a woman with an introspective expression, smiling slightly in what is sometimes described as an "enigmatic smile." The Mona Lisa is often described as the most famous piece in art history. The painting, once stolen, now hangs in the Muse du Louvre in Paris, France. (All unhappy citizens in city are content.)

@;Da Vinci's Workshop
@PEDIAIMPROVE53
Whenever one of your units becomes obsolete because of a new
technology you have discovered, it is immediately replaced
by an equivalent modern unit.

@;J.S. Bach's Cathedral
@PEDIAIMPROVE54
Michelangelo di Lodovico Buonarroti Simoni (March 6, 1475 - March 18, 1564) was a Renaissance painter, sculptor, poet and architect. He is famous for creating the fresco ceiling of the Sistine Chapel, one of the most stupendous works in all of Western art. (Decreases unhappy citizens on same continent by 2 per city.)

@;Isaac Newton's College
@PEDIAIMPROVE55
The Silk Road was an interconnected series of routes through Southern Asia traversed by caravan and ocean vessel, and connecting Chang'an, China with Antioch, Syria, as well as other points. Silk road is a translation from the German Seidenstrae, the term first used by German geographer Ferdinand von Richthofen in the 19th century. (Doubles science output of city.)

@;Adam Smith's Trading Co.
@PEDIAIMPROVE56
The British East India Company, popularly known as "John Company", was founded by a Royal Charter of Queen Elizabeth I on December 31, 1600. Over the next 250 years, it became one of the most powerful commercial enterprises of its time. (Pays the maintenance for all city improvements which ordinarily cost 1 gold per turn.  City improvements requiring more than 1 gold per turn maintenance are not affected.)

@;Darwin's Voyage
@PEDIAIMPROVE57
The Age of Enlightenment was a time in which many ideas were re-thought and clarified. Even the
word enlighten means to "shine a light on." During this period in time, Man's power of reasoning
was greatly appreciated, During this era many scientific inventions and concepts were created,
such as the industrial revolution. (Two free civilization advances.)

@;The Statue of Liberty
@PEDIAIMPROVE58
Eliminates the period of unrest between governments.
Also allows any form of government to be chosen, even if
the proper advance has not been discovered.

@;The Eiffel Tower
@PEDIAIMPROVE59
When you first obtain control of The Vatican,
Every civilization's attitude toward you is immediately shifted 25 points
in your favor (on a hundred point scale).  Attitudes continue to improve
gradually over time.  Other civilizations are also quicker to forget your
past transgressions.

@;Hoover Dam
@PEDIAIMPROVE61
Provides Hydro power to every city on every continent.

@;Women's Suffrage
@PEDIAIMPROVE60
Counts as a Patriarch in every one of your cities.
(Decreases unhappiness caused by troops away from city by 1).

@;Manhattan Project
@PEDIAIMPROVE62
Allows nuclear weapons to be built.

@;United Nations
@PEDIAIMPROVE63
^* Free embassy with every other civilization.
^* Enemy civ's cannot refuse your peace treaties.
^* As a democracy, you can declare war 50% of the time
^  (peacekeeping missions).

@;Apollo Program
@PEDIAIMPROVE64
Allows construction of spaceship improvements.

@;SETI Program
@PEDIAIMPROVE65
Isaac Newton publishes Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica, where he introduces
Newton's laws of motion and his theory of gravity. (Counts as a Print Shop in every one of your cities; effectively doubles your science output.)

@;Cure for Cancer
@PEDIAIMPROVE66
Before 1581, the area of the low countries consisted of a number of counties and duchies. Through marriage or sale, these states all ended up in the hands of the Habsburg emperor Charles V and his son, king Philip II of Spain. In 1568, the Netherlands revolted against Philip II because of his efforts to modernize and centralize the devolved medieval government structures of the provinces, high taxes, and persecution of Protestants by the Catholic church. (One extra happy citizen in each city.)

@PEDIAGOVT
@width=600
@title=Civilization: Governments
The form of government you choose for your civilization will
affect the way resources are distributed in your cities, the
rate at which your citizens can produce and sustain new units
and city improvements, and the extent to which your citizens
have a say in the way you govern them.
^
Some forms of government, such as Despotism, Monarchy, and
later Communism and Fundamentalism, allow you to expand
rapidly, to produce and sustain large numbers of military
units, and to control your affairs completely.
^
Democracy and the Republic, on the other hand, give your
citizens the freedom to produce vast amounts of trade, which
increases your wealth and knowledge rapidly. On the other
hand, your citizens may grow unhappy when you send military
units out of your cities; also, your Senate may try to
interfere in your conduct of foreign affairs.
^
To change your civilization's government, you must have a
Revolution--select "Revolution" from the Kingdom Menu.  This
will entail a brief period of Anarchy.

@PEDIAGOVT0
@width=600
@title=Civilization Government: Anarchy
Anarchy represents not so much a government type as the
lack of any stable government. Anarchy occurs when your
civilization's government falls, or when you decide to
have a Revolution. After a few turns of Anarchy, you will
be able to reconstitute your government.
^
Anarchy is similar to Despotism, except that the corruption
rate is VERY HIGH (see entry for Despotism).  However, no
taxes are collected during a period of Anarchy, and no
scientific research is conducted.

@PEDIAGOVT1
@width=600
@title=Civilization Government: Islamic Sultanate
^HISTORICAL BACKGROUND
A sultan is an Islamic monarch ruling under the terms of shariah. The title carries moral weight and religious authority, as the ruler's role was defined in the Quran. The sultan however was not a religious teacher himself. In the Byzantine Empire and the traditional spheres of Eastern Orthodox Christianity, a comparable unity of church and state in the person of the ruler is termed Caesaropapism. The last Western ruler with comparable authority was Nicholas II, the last Tsar of Russia.
^
^UNIT SUPPORT
Each unit above the city size costs one shield per turn.
Settlers eat one food per turn.
^
^HAPPINESS
Up to three military units in each city will institute
"martial law", converting an unhappy citizen into a content
citizen.
^
^CORRUPTION AND WASTE
Despotism has a HIGH rate of corruption and waste.  The
level of corruption in a particular city is based on its
distance from your capital.
^
^SPECIAL
Under a Despotism, none of the science/tax/luxury rates may
be set higher than 60%.  ALSO, ANY SQUARE WHICH WOULD ORDINARILY
PRODUCE THREE OR MORE OF A RESOURCE (FOOD, SHIELDS, TRADE) PRODUCES
ONE LESS.
^
^HINTS
Because of Despotism's high rate of corruption, it is almost
always an inferior form of government.  Try to switch to a
Monarchy as soon as possible.


@PEDIAGOVT2
@width=600
@title=Civilization Government: Feudal Monarchy
^HISTORICAL BACKGROUND
Three elements existed and characterize the period: lords, vassals and fiefs. Feudalism is defined by how these three elements fit together.
^
A lord was a noble who owned land. A vassal was given land by the lord. The land was known as a fief. In exchange for the fief, the vassal would provide military service to the lord. The obligations and relations between lord, vassal and fief lies at the heart of feudalism.
^
^UNIT SUPPORT
Each unit beyond the third costs one shield per turn.
Settlers eat one food per turn.
^
^HAPPINESS
Up to three military units in each city will institute
"martial law", converting an unhappy citizen into a content
citizen.
^
^CORRUPTION AND WASTE
Monarchy has a MODERATE rate of corruption and waste.  The
level of corruption in a particular city is based on its
distance from your capital.
^
^SPECIAL
Under a Monarchy, none of the science/tax/luxury rates may
be set higher than 70%.
^
^HINTS
Monarchy is an excellent form of government for a young
civilization.


@PEDIAGOVT3
@width=600
@title=Civilization Government: Communism
^UNIT SUPPORT
Each unit beyond the third costs one shield per turn.
Settlers eat one food per turn.
^
^HAPPINESS
Up to three military units in each city will institute
"martial law", converting *TWO* unhappy citizens into
content citizens (so a total of SIX unhappy citizens can
be suppressed).
^
^CORRUPTION AND WASTE
Under Communism, state control of the economy eliminates
organized crime.  Your cities, therefore, experience no
corruption.
^
^SPECIAL
All SPY units produced under Communist governments are
given VETERAN status.  Under Communism, none of the
science/tax/luxury rates may be set higher than 80%.
^
^HINTS
Communism is best for large, far-flung empires which need
to maintain a large military.  Use your powerful spies to
steal technology from the capitalist pigs.

@PEDIAGOVT4
@width=600
@title=Civilization Government: Fundamentalism
^UNIT SUPPORT
Can support up to TEN units for free; additional
units cost one shield each.  Settlers eat TWO
food per turn.  ONLY Fundamentalisms may produce
FANATIC units.
^
^HAPPINESS
Under Fundamentalism, NO CITIZEN IS EVER UNHAPPY!
^
^CORRUPTION AND WASTE
Fundamentalism has a LOW rate of corruption.
However, Fundamentalism has the special disadvantage that
all SCIENCE is HALVED.
^
^SPECIAL
Improvements which convert unhappy citizens to
content citizens (Temples, etc.)
produce "tithes" equal to the number of citizens they would
otherwise convert.  They also require no maintenance.
The diplomatic penalties for "terrorist acts" committed by
your Diplomats and Spies are reduced.
Under Fundamentalism, none of the science/tax/luxury rates may
be set higher than 80%.
^
^HINTS
Fundamentalism eliminates all happiness problems and provides
an excellent revenue.  Scientific research tends to languish.


@PEDIAGOVT5
@width=600
@title=Civilization Government: Reformed Monarchy
^HISTORICAL BACKGROUND
A Reformed Monarchy is a form of government (and a state so governed) where the head of state is not a monarch. The word is derived from the Latin res publica, or "public affair", and suggests an ownership and control of the state by the population at large. The concept of democracy, however, is not implicit to that of a republic. The republican form of government may involve a limited democracy, where such rights are available only to a limited group of people. In some cases, a republic may be a dictatorial or totalitarian state. The term is also broad enough to include representative democracies.
^
^UNIT SUPPORT
Each unit costs one shield per turn.  Settlers eat TWO
food per turn.
^
^HAPPINESS
Each military unit AFTER THE FIRST which is not in a friendly
city (or a fortress within 3 spaces of a friendly city)
causes one citizen in its home city to become unhappy.
^
^CORRUPTION AND WASTE
The Republic has a LOW rate of corruption and waste.  The
level of corruption in a particular city is based on its
distance from your capital.
^
^SPECIAL
Under a Republic, each square which ordinarily produces at
least one unit of trade produces an extra unit.
None of the science/tax/luxury rates may be set higher
than 80%.
^
^HINTS
Switching to a Republic can give an astounding boost to your
science and tax revenues, although you'll probably have to
divert some of your trade to luxuries.  It becomes more
difficult (and expensive) to keep an army in the field, but
building the Womens Suffrage wonder can help with this
problem.

@PEDIAGOVT6
@width=600
@title=Civilization Government: Reformed Republic
^HISTORICAL BACKGROUND
A Reformed Republic is a form of government under which the power to alter the basic laws and forms of government lies with the voting citizenry, referred to as "the people", and all decisions are made by representatives who act by their consent, as enforced by elections and the rule of law. In some cases, democracy is associated with nominal monarchy where the monarch has sharply limited powers, but it is more commonly associated with a republic.
^UNIT SUPPORT
Each unit costs one shield per turn.  Settlers eat TWO
food per turn.
^
^HAPPINESS
Each unit which is not in a friendly
city (or a fortress within 3 spaces of a friendly city)
causes TWO citizens in its home city to become unhappy.
^
^CORRUPTION AND WASTE
Democracies experience NO corruption or waste.
^
^SPECIAL
Under a Democracy, each square which ordinarily produces at
least one unit of trade produces an extra unit.
The units and cities of a Democracy are immune to BRIBERY
of all forms.
The science/tax/luxury rates may be set to any level
desired.
^
^HINTS
Democracies can produce spectacular amounts of revenue and
scientific research.  However, because of the severe
happiness restrictions on military units, this form of
government tends to be viable only for large, advanced
civilizations.  Increasing your luxuries rate and building
Wonders can help alleviate this problem.

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